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目的 了解影响成人疫苗接种率的有关社会经济影响因素。方法 选择广西河池市 2个城镇 ,对 5～ 6 0岁登记在册居民按有对照的组群随机抽样原则进行伤寒Vi疫苗和A群流脑疫苗的大规模接种 ;比较接种者的人口学和社会经济特征与接种率的关系。结果 应接种对象 1180 71人 ,实际接种 92 4 76人 ,接种率为 78 32 % ,其中伤寒Vi疫苗 76 87% ;流脑疫苗 79 6 9%。城市接种率为 77 2 9% ,农村接种率为 80 5 8% ;5～ 9岁接种率最高 ,为89 6 5 % ;2 0～ 2 9岁组最低 ,仅为 6 9 0 7% ;男女接种率分别为 79 0 7%和 82 11% ;高收入住户人群接种率最高达到90 %左右 ;18～ 6 0岁人群中 ,按受教育程度分析以“小学毕业”人群接种率最高 ,为 78 34% ;按居住单元分析 ,学生的人群接种率最高 ,达 92 0 1% ,私营业主和退休人群接种率最低 ,分别为 6 9 71%和 6 8 82 % ;居住未满 1年者的人群接种率最低 ,为 6 2 5 % ,居住 1～ 2年者接种率最高 ,为 84 4 7%。结论 受教育程度、经济收入、居住年限以及城乡差别对接种率并无直接影响 ;流动性大、老年人是影响疫苗接种率的主要因素。
Objectives To understand the socio-economic factors that affect adult vaccination rates. Methods Two towns in Hechi City of Guangxi were selected to carry out large-scale vaccination of typhoid Vi vaccine and meningococcal meningitis A vaccine against registered residents aged 5 ~ 60 according to the random sampling principle of control group. Demographic and social The Relationship between Economic Characteristics and Vaccination Rates. Results 118071 recipients should be inoculated and 92 476 persons were inoculated. The inoculation rate was 78 32%, of which 76 87% were vaccines for typhoid Vi and 79 69% for meningitis vaccines. Inoculation rate was 77 2 9% in urban areas and 80 58% in rural areas; the highest vaccination rate was 89 65% at 5-9 years old and the lowest was 69.7% at 20-29 years old; Inoculation rates were 79 0 7% and 82 11%, respectively. The highest vaccination rate among high-income households was about 90%. Among 18 ~ 60-year-olds, the highest rate of “primary school graduation” population vaccination was 78 34%. According to the analysis of living units, the highest rate of student population vaccination was 92 0 1%, with the lowest rates of private ownership and retirement population being 69 71% and 68 82% respectively. The population living for less than 1 year The lowest vaccination rate was 62.5%. The highest vaccination rate was 84.47% after living for 1-2 years. Conclusion There is no direct impact on education level, income, living duration and urban-rural difference on vaccination rate. Large-scale mobility and the elderly are the main factors influencing the vaccination rate.