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一、前言随着我国科学技术高速度的发展,对测时工作提出了更高的要求,58年我组接受科学院上海天文观象台的委托,由何国雄同志及光仪五年级部分学生参加在党的领导下,设计完成了这项近代天体照相术,以及自动化观察法获得成功应用之一的仪器。摄影天项筒(以下简称 S.T.D)除对天文大地测量,勘测,制图业务,重力测量,频率工作以及航空,航海等提供精确时间的改正量外,对国民经济,日常生活方面的正确时间也是具有积极意义,在社会主义国家,对精密的时间工作是十分重视的,在苏联已建立了完整的授时纲,不断改进和研究仪器及观测方法,广泛应用了自动化,同样在我国授时工作已经开展,在党的领导下,在苏联的帮助下,授时工作正飞速发展,本文是对授时工作有着重大意义的摄影天顶筒的设计原理,概略结构作初步介绍,对测时精度也作初步讨论,使对授时工作有兴趣的同志有所俾益,设计得到科学院紫金山天文台,徐家汇观象台同志的多方面的帮助,在此特表感谢,并望对本文不妥之处,给予指正。
I. Introduction With the rapid development of science and technology in our country, higher requirements have been put on the work of time measurement. In the 58th year, our group was entrusted by the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory at the Academy of Sciences. Some of the students in the fifth grade of He Guoxiong and Guangyi attended the party Under the leadership of the design completed the modern celestial body photography, as well as the automated observation of one of the successful application of the instrument. In addition to providing accurate time corrections for astronomical geodesy, surveying and mapping, gravimetry, frequency work, and aviation and navigation, the Skybox of Photography (hereinafter referred to as STD) also has the right time for the national economy and daily life Positive meaning. In socialist countries, we attach great importance to precision time work. In the Soviet Union, we have established a complete chronological course, constantly improving and studying instruments and methods of observation, extensively applying automation, and the same timing work in our country has been carried out. Under the leadership of the Party, with the help of the Soviet Union, the timing work is rapidly developing. This article is the design principle of the photography crest cylinder which is of great significance to the timing work. The preliminary structure of the photography is introduced briefly, and the precision of time measurement is also discussed. The gratitude of those who are interested in the time-keeping work has benefited from it. It has been gratefully acknowledged by all those who are willing to help the comrades of the Purple Mountain Observatory and Xujiahui Observatory of the Academy of Sciences to design and give thanks for this improper place.