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党的十七报告为建设服务型政府提供了“以人为本”的价值基础。以马克思主义人学方法为学理“棱镜”可以透析出整全意义上“人”的抽象、具象与政治的三重存在样态。建设服务型政府必须认真回应并充分满足“人”整全层面的诉求,因而呈现出法治政府、公共政府与民主政府三重构成。其中,法治政府立足人的抽象视角,力图通过建设人本政府、有限政府与责任政府捍卫消极自由价值;立基于人的具象层面的公共政府,以守望自由平等与人的主体价值为己任,调谐公平与效率之间的紧张关系;立足人的政治视角的民主政府,则尊重人民的主权者地位、维护公民的政治自由、保障公民充分的政治参与。
The report of the 17th CPC Central Committee has provided the value basis of “people-oriented” for building a service-oriented government. Taking the method of Marxist study of human beings as the principle of “Prism” can reveal the triple existence of “abstract”, “figment” and “politics” in the whole sense. To build a service-oriented government must respond earnestly and fully satisfy the entire demand of “people”, thus presenting a triple constitution of a government ruled by law, a public government and a democratic government. Among them, the government ruled by law bases itself on the abstract perspective and attempts to defend the value of negative freedom by building a human-centered government, a limited government and a responsible government. Based on people’s concrete level, the public government tries to watch for free equality and the value of human beings, The tension between fairness and efficiency; a democratic government based on human political views respects the status of the sovereign of the people, upholds the political freedom of citizens and guarantees citizens full political participation.