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本文观察口服小剂量胃复安和地塞米松控制化疗引起的恶心呕吐(CINV)的疗效。实验组37例,化疗当日口服胃复安10mg,3次/天;地塞米松4.5mg,顿服。对照组24例,化疗前静脉一次给予同等剂量胃复安和地塞米松。两组化疗药物如表阿霉素、卡铂等。均为中等剂量。结果表明,口服胃复安和地塞米松能满意地治疗一般化疗方案的CINV,其疗效同静脉给予止吐药没有差别(P>0.05),但副作用较后者明显减少(P<0.05)。有化疗史的病人止吐药疗效略差,但与无化疗史者无显著差别。KPS对止吐药的影响不大。作者认为,对于通常剂量的化疗,口服小剂量胃复安和地塞米松即可预防CINV的发生,且副作用更少。
This article was to observe the therapeutic effect of oral small dose of metoclopramide and dexamethasone on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). In the experimental group, 37 patients received oral metoclopramide 10 mg three times a day on the day of chemotherapy, and dexamethasone 4.5 mg was given daily. In the control group, 24 patients received equal doses of metoclopramide and dexamethasone intravenously before chemotherapy. Two groups of chemotherapy drugs such as epirubicin, carboplatin and so on. All are medium doses. The results showed that oral metoclopramide and dexamethasone could satisfactorily treat CINV in the general chemotherapy regimen, and the efficacy was not different from that of intravenous antiemetics (P>0.05), but the side effects were significantly lower than the latter (P<0.05). Patients with a history of chemotherapy were slightly less effective than antiemetic drugs, but there was no significant difference between patients with and without history of chemotherapy. KPS has little effect on antiemetic drugs. The authors believe that for the usual dose of chemotherapy, small doses of metoclopramide and dexamethasone can prevent the occurrence of CINV, and fewer side effects.