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通过田间小区试验,研究了长期不同施肥对田间杂草总密度、优势杂草组成及生物多样性的影响。结果表明:综合施用N、P、K肥,不仅降低了田间杂草的总密度,降低了优势杂草在群落中的比重,而且有利于维持田间杂草的生物多样性;不施用N或P肥,田间杂草的总密度增大,优势杂草的比重也明显增强,但不利于维持田间杂草的生物多样性。所以,平衡施用N、P、K肥,有利于维持农田生态系统中的生物多样性,并能更好地进行杂草控制。
Field trials were conducted to study the effects of long-term fertilization on total weed density, dominant weed composition and biodiversity. The results showed that the comprehensive application of N, P and K fertilizers not only reduced the total density of weeds in the field, reduced the proportion of dominant weeds in the community, but also maintained the weed biodiversity in the field. The total density of weeds and field weeds increased, and the proportion of dominant weeds also significantly increased, which was not conducive to maintaining the weed biodiversity in the field. Therefore, the balanced application of N, P and K fertilizers will help to maintain biodiversity in farmland ecosystems and provide better weed control.