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基于嫦娥三号在月球预定区域内实现软着陆的轨道设计要求,建立着陆轨道设计与最优控制策略模型。首先,利用月心惯性参考系建立着陆准备轨道位置模型,确定近月点和远月点的位置;利用开普勒第二定律、机械守恒定律建立卫星速度模型,得到近月点和远月点的速度。然后,利用微分方程理论建立着陆轨道模型,得到主减速阶段的最优化策略;利用灰度值理论和Matlab软件,得到快速调整阶段,避障阶段,缓速下降阶段的最优化策略。
Based on the orbital design requirements of Chang’e III for realizing soft landing in the planned lunar region, a landing orbit design and optimal control strategy model are established. Firstly, the lunar-heart inertial reference system is used to establish the landing preparation orbit position model to determine the position of the near-moon point and the far-moon point. The satellite velocity model is established by using the second law of Kepler and the law of mechanical conservation, speed. Then, using the differential equation theory to establish the landing trajectory model, the optimization strategy of the main deceleration phase is obtained. By using the gray value theory and the Matlab software, the optimization strategies of the rapid adjustment phase, the obstacle avoidance phase and the slow deceleration phase are obtained.