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碘缺乏病系指：缺碘引起的包括甲状腺肿大、流产、死产、新生儿甲低、矮小、智力低下、聋哑、痉挛性瘫痪和畸形，以及轻度的身心缺陷。碘缺乏不仅可引起甲状腺肿大，而且对人体各个阶段均有影响，尤其是妊娠前三个月碘缺乏可造成大脑不可逆损伤，形成克汀病。目前全球有２亿甲状腺肿患者，２千万克汀病人，并有１０亿人生活在碘缺乏地区。碘缺乏病做为一个严重的公共卫生问题越来越引起人们的关注。本文就碘缺乏病各方面的研究进展做一概述。
Iodine deficiency disorders are caused by iodine deficiency, including goiter, miscarriage, stillbirth, hypothyroidism, dwarfism, mental retardation, deafness, spastic paralysis and deformity, and mild physical and psychological deficiencies. Iodine deficiency can not only cause goiter, but also affect the various stages of the human body, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy iodine deficiency can cause irreversible brain damage, the formation of cretinism. There are currently 200 million goiter patients and 20 billion cretinism patients in the world, and 1 billion people live in iodine deficiency areas. Iodine deficiency disorders are attracting increasing attention as a serious public health problem. This article gives an overview of the progress in various aspects of iodine deficiency disorders.