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中美贸易对美国不同产业的利益产生分配性影响,进而影响其对华贸易政策偏好。产业的经济地理决定了其投射在国会山的政治影响力大小,以此为基础的产业结盟游说对国会的对华贸易政策态度和行为产生重大影响。代表产业利益的国会议员则通过联合行动向行政部门和准司法性独立机构施加压力。美国对华贸易政策是外贸与产业、产业与国会、国会与行政部门、独立机构互动的产物。
Sino-U.S. Trade has a distributive effect on the interests of different industries in the United States, thereby affecting its preference for trade policies toward China. The economic geography of the industry determines the magnitude of its political influence projected on Capitol Hill. The industrial alliance lobbying based on this has a significant impact on the parliamentary attitude and behavior of trade policies toward China. Members of Congress representing the interests of industry exert pressure on the executive branch and quasi-judicial independent institutions through joint operations. The U.S. trade policy toward China is a product of the interaction between foreign trade and industry, industry and the parliament, the Congress and the executive branch, and the independent agencies.