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公平与效率的关系本质上属于生产关系与生产力的关系。协调得好 ,相得益彰 ;处理失当 ,矛盾激化。俄罗斯从 1 992年改革以来 ,收入分配机制从保障性分配转向效率性分配 ,在效率没有明显提高的情况下 ,收入分配不公的现象已很严重。这说明 ,俄罗斯没有处理好公平与效率的关系。本文认为 ,对处于经济与社会转型时期的俄罗斯来说 ,从长期看 ,采取效率优先 ,兼顾公平的原则处理改革与发展的问题无疑是正确的。但从目前看 ,居民收入差距扩大 ,超出了居民的心理承受能力 ,在短期内采取公平优先 ,兼顾效率是可行的。
The relationship between fairness and efficiency essentially belongs to the relationship between productive relations and productive forces. Coordination is good, complement each other; mismanagement, intensification of conflicts. Since the reform of Russia in 1992, the income distribution mechanism has shifted from the guaranteed distribution to the efficient distribution. Under the condition of no obvious improvement in efficiency, the unfair distribution of income has become very serious. This shows that Russia has failed to handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency. This paper argues that for Russia in the period of economic and social transition, in the long run, it is undoubtedly correct to adopt the principle of giving priority to efficiency and balancing the issues of reform and development. However, for the moment, the widening income gap between residents has exceeded the psychological capacity of the residents. It is feasible to take fairness and priority and take efficiency into consideration in the short term.