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目的了解山西省阳泉地区产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌的耐药性及基因型分布特点。方法采用BD Phoenix 100全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验,聚合酶链反应检测β-内酰胺类耐药相关基因,包括TEM、SHV、CTX-M-1群、CTX-M-9群、OXA-1和MOXF-Amp C酶。结果 54株产ESBLs大肠埃希菌呈现多重耐药,在23种抗生素中,对亚胺培南、美洛培南、阿米卡星、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率分别为3.7%、3.7%、9.26%、12.96%和14.81%,其余18种抗生素的耐药率为22.2%~100.0%。54株产ESBLs大肠埃希菌携带的β-内酰胺酶基因TEM、CTX-M-1群、CTX-M-9群和OXA-1的检出率分别为100.0%、37.0%、98.1%和14.9%,仅有1株检出产SHV型ESBLs;检出MOXF-Amp C酶基因15株,阳性率为27.8%。菌株同时产2种以上基因达98.1%。结论阳泉地区产ESBLs大肠埃希菌多重耐药严重,携带的β-内酰胺酶基因以TEM+CTX-M-9为主,且大多菌株同时产两种以上基因。
Objective To understand the drug resistance and genotypic distribution of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Yangquan, Shanxi Province. Methods Bacterial identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out using BD Phoenix 100 automatic microbiological analyzer. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the genes related to β-lactam resistance, including TEM, SHV, CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9 Population, OXA-1 and MOXF-Amp C enzymes. Results 54 strains of ESBLs - producing Escherichia coli showed multi - drug resistance. Of the 23 antibiotics, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, piperacillin - tazobactam and cefoperazone / The resistance rates of Batan were 3.7%, 3.7%, 9.26%, 12.96% and 14.81%, respectively. The resistance rates of the remaining 18 antibiotics ranged from 22.2% to 100.0%. The detection rates of TEM, CTX-M-1 group, CTX-M-9 group and OXA-1 of 54 ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli strains were 100.0%, 37.0% and 98.1%, respectively 14.9%. Only 1 strain of ESBLs was detected in SHV type. 15 strains of MOXF-Amp C gene were detected, the positive rate was 27.8%. The strains produced more than two kinds of genes up to 98.1%. Conclusions The ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli in Yangquan district were highly multi-drug resistant. Most of the β-lactamase-carrying genes were TEM + CTX-M-9, and most of the strains produced more than two genes simultaneously.