论文部分内容阅读
植物能够通过渗透调节、脱水保护、代谢调整等多种途径适应干旱胁迫。在受到轻度干旱胁迫时，渗透调节是主要途径。当干旱胁迫的强度超出渗透调节的范围时，失水成为必然，Ｌｅａ蛋白及糖类等脱水保护物质在植物中的积累有利于保护生物大分子，尤其是膜系统免受破坏。长期轻度干旱能改变某些植物的代谢途径，有利于植物适应干旱环境。主要阐述了与渗透调节、脱水保护、代谢调整相关的基因表达调控及抗旱基因工程的研究进展。
Plants can adapt to drought stress through a variety of pathways, such as osmotic regulation, dehydration protection and metabolic regulation. Osmotic regulation is the main pathway when subjected to mild drought stress. Water loss is inevitable when the intensity of drought stress exceeds the range of osmotic adjustment. Accumulation of dehydration protective substances such as Lea protein and carbohydrate in plants is beneficial to protecting biological macromolecules, especially the membrane system. Long-term mild drought can change the metabolic pathways of some plants, which helps plants to adapt to the arid environment. It mainly expounds the research progress on the regulation of gene expression related to osmotic adjustment, dehydration protection, metabolic regulation and drought resistance genetic engineering.