冬小麦是苏联北高加索、乌克兰及其它地区集体农庄和国营农场的主要粮食作物,其面积占谷物面积的50％以上。实践表明:种植3—4个品种,其中有一个早熟品种的农场通常可获得高产和稳产。这样,可以更有计划地利用收获机械,缓和收获时的劳力紧张,减少产量损失。为此,顿河地区农业科学研究所育种中心, Winter wheat is the main food crop for collective farms and state farms in the North Caucasus, Ukraine and elsewhere in the Soviet Union and occupies more than 50% of the cereal area. Practice shows that: planting 3-4 varieties, of which a precocious species of farms are usually available high yield and stable yield. In this way, harvesting machinery can be more systematically utilized to ease the strain of labor during harvesting and reduce the yield loss. To this end, Don River Institute of Agricultural Sciences breeding center,