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将交通运输政府规制看作一种特殊的公共物品,分析交通运输政府规制供给与需求特质。交通运输政府规制的本质属性决定了其供给主体只能是政府,供给机制的决定因素是规制成本而不是价格,规制供给应既针对“垄断”又针对“竞争”。由于宏观层面和微观层面对政府规制的“合理”需求与规制成本呈弱约束关系,以及规制需求本身具有客观性和时效性,决定了交通运输政府规制供需均衡特殊的运行机制。把握这一运行机制对于指导我国交通运输政府规制政策制定具有重要的启示作用和现实意义。
The government regulation of transportation will be regarded as a kind of special public goods, and the transportation government will regulate the supply and demand characteristics. The essential nature of the government regulation of transportation determines that its supply subject can only be the government. The determining factor of the supply mechanism is the regulation cost rather than the price, and the regulation supply should be aimed at both the “monopoly” and the “competition.” Due to the weak restriction between the “reasonable” demand of government regulation and the regulatory cost at macro level and micro level, and the objectivity and timeliness of regulation demand itself, the transportation government regulates the special operation mechanism of regulation of supply and demand balance. Grasping this operating mechanism has an important enlightenment and practical significance for guiding the formulation of China’s government regulation and policy on transportation.