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梯玛,土家族原始文化的典型内容,土家族祭祀文化仪式的主持者。在非物质文化遗产保护热潮中,梯玛的传承具有神圣而重大的意义。本文侧重从传承的角度,以卡洛坪彭氏梯玛的个案调查为支点,对土家族梯玛传承特征和传承现状做描述和分析。梯玛传承呈现封闭性、保守性(或传统性)、神秘而世俗化等特征;传承现状也极其严峻:现有传承人趋于老龄化、传承对象短缺、传承载体濒危、群体信仰度弱化等。
Tima, Tujia original culture of the typical content, the Tujia sacrificial rites ceremony. In the non-material cultural heritage protection boom, Tima’s heritage has a sacred and significant meaning. This article focuses on the heritage from the point of view, with the case investigation of Caroline Ping Pang Tima as the fulcrum, describes and analyzes the inheritance and inheritance of Tujia Tima. The heritage of Tima shows the characteristics of being closed, conservative (or traditional), mysterious and secularized. The status quo of inheritance is also very serious: the current heirs tend to be aging, the objects of inheritance are short, the inheritance carrier is endangered, and the belief of the community is weakened .