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目的:探讨食管良性肿瘤临床病理特征。方法:1 058例食管良性肿瘤均来自1973年1月至2015年1月郑州大学第一附属医院河南省食管癌重点开放实验室50万例食管和贲门癌生物样本和临床信息数据库。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:本组50万例数据库中,临床病理信息完整的食管肿瘤患者共249 246例,食管良性肿瘤占0.42%(1058/249 246),其中男性544例,年龄(50±11)岁;女性514例,年龄(52±11)岁。在组织病理学诊断的10种良性肿瘤中食管平滑肌瘤最常见为84.50%(894/1 058),其次为乳头状瘤6.90%(73/1 058),腺瘤最少为0.38%(4/1 058)。平滑肌瘤、间质瘤、神经纤维瘤以男性为主;脂肪瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、神经鞘瘤和血管瘤以女性为主。此外,本组发现的5例错构瘤全部发生于女性。以发生率≥50%为易发标准,青年男性易发食管良性瘤依次为平滑肌瘤和间质瘤,而青年女性依次为颗粒细胞瘤和脂肪瘤;老年男性依次为乳头状瘤、间质瘤和平滑肌瘤;老年女性依次为神经鞘瘤、乳头状瘤、平滑肌瘤、间质瘤和错构瘤;此外,男性脂肪瘤、血管瘤、神经纤维瘤和腺瘤,女性神经纤维瘤均发生在老年;不同年龄良性肿瘤总体发生率(P=0.034)和平滑肌瘤发生率(P=0.004)差异均具有统计学意义。本组平滑肌瘤、乳头状瘤、间质瘤和神经鞘瘤好发部位以中段为主,脂肪瘤以下段为主。本组良性肿瘤治疗以单纯手术为主为57.54%(492/855),其次为内镜下切除38.01%(325/855)和其他为4.45%(38/855)。结论:食管良性肿瘤发生率低,组织类型较多,且不同性别和年龄患者易发类型明显不同,肿瘤组织类型不同,好发部位不同,手术及内镜治疗为主要治疗方式。
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of esophageal benign tumors. Methods: A total of 1 058 cases of esophageal benign tumors were from 500,000 cases of esophageal and cardiac cancer biological samples and clinical information database of Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer of Henan Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1973 to January 2015. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 249 246 esophageal cancer patients with esophageal cancer and 0.42% (1058/249 246) esophageal cancer patients were included in the 500,000 database. There were 544 males and 50 ± 11 years old females 514 cases, age (52 ± 11) years old. Esophageal leiomyoma was found to be 84.50% (894/1 058) of the 10 benign tumors diagnosed histopathologically, 6.90% (73/1 058) of papillomatosis followed by 0.38% (4 / 1 058). Leiomyoma, stromal tumors, neurofibromatosis mainly men; lipoma, granulosa cell tumor, schwannoma and hemangiomas mainly female. In addition, all five cases of hamartomas found in this group occurred in women. The incidence of ≥ 50% for the prone to standard, young men prone to esophageal benign tumor followed by leiomyoma and stromal tumor, while young women followed by granular cell tumor and lipoma; older men followed by papilloma, interstitial Tumors and leiomyoma; the elderly women were schwannoma, papilloma, leiomyoma, stromal tumor and hamartoma; in addition, male lipoma, hemangioma, neurofibromatosis and adenoma, female neurofibromatosis All occurred in old age. The overall incidence of benign tumors of different ages (P = 0.034) and the incidence of leiomyoma (P = 0.004) were statistically significant. The group of leiomyoma, papilloma, stromal tumors and schwannoma predilection site to the middle of the main segment of the lipoma mainly. The treatment of benign tumors in this group was mainly 57.54% (492/855), followed by endoscopic resection 38.01% (325/855) and the other was 4.45% (38/855). Conclusions: The incidence of benign esophageal tumors is low, there are many types of tissues, and different types of patients with different sexes and ages are susceptible to different types of tumors. The types of tumor tissues are different, the different sites are different, and operation and endoscopic treatment are the main treatment modalities.