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目的:从急性毒性分析三聚氰胺对有肾毒性药物的影响。方法:以昆明小鼠为对象,1次灌胃给药进行急性毒性试验,连续观察14d,记录小鼠中毒情况及死亡只数,Bliss法计算LD_(50)及95%可信限。对死亡及14d存活动物相关组织做病理观察。结果:小鼠灌胃给药LD_(50)与95%可信限为9899.97mg·kg~(-1)和7897.22～12410.63mg·kg~(-1);其中雌性为11375.00mg·kg~(-1)和7643.13～16929.01 mg·kg~(-1),雄性为8385.81mg·kg~(-1)和6334.49～11101.40mg·kg~(-1)。中毒动物肾远曲小管、集合管管腔有淡红色析出物及其钙化颗粒,伴上皮细胞变性坏死。结论:三聚氰胺终毒物可能为同系物的聚合体,临床用药应考虑三聚氰胺与有肾毒性药物的联合毒效应。
Objective: To analyze the influence of melamine on nephrotoxic drugs from acute toxicity. Methods: Acute toxicity test was given to mice in Kunming mice by intragastric administration once a day for 14 days. The mice were poisoned and the number of death was recorded. The LD 50 and 95% confidence limits were calculated by Bliss method. Pathological observation was made on the dead and 14d surviving animal related tissues. Results: The LD_ (50) and 95% confidence limits of mice were 9899.97 mg · kg -1 and 7897.22 ~ 12410.63 mg · kg -1, respectively. The female mice were 11375.00 mg · kg -1 -1) and 7643.13 ~ 16929.01 mg · kg -1 in male and 8385.81 mg · kg -1 in male and 6334.49 ~ 11101.40 mg · kg -1 in male. Toxic animal far distal convoluted tubules, collection tube lumen with pink precipitate and calcified particles, with epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis. Conclusion: Melamine endotoxins may be homologues of polymers, clinical drug should consider melamine and nephrotoxic drugs combined toxic effect.