世界各国、各地区、各民族和各语种文学之间的交流史清晰地显示出,对于同一文学的接受往往会呈现出不同的文化模式。这一现象,在中国学界对俄罗斯文学特别是20世纪俄罗斯文学的接受中,体现得特别明显。纵观进入20世纪以来中国文学对于俄罗斯文学的接受史,不难看出这种接受主要显示为三种不同的文化模式,三种不同的思路与取向。系统梳理俄罗斯文学在中国的接受史,深入考察这三种模式,对于我们总结接受外国文学的历史经验,具有重要的学术意义。 The history of exchanges between countries, regions, peoples and languages ​​of various countries in the world clearly shows that the acceptance of the same literature tends to present different cultural patterns. This phenomenon is particularly evident in the acceptance by Chinese academic circles of Russian literature, especially that of 20th century Russian literature. Looking at the history of Chinese literature’s acceptance of Russian literature since the 20th century, it is easy to see that this acceptance shows mainly three different modes of culture and three different kinds of thinking and orientation. To systematically review the history of the acceptance of Russian literature in China and examine these three models in depth has an important academic significance for us to summarize and accept the historical experience of foreign literature.