目的　探讨缺血性脑血管病患者血清高密度脂蛋白含量的变化。方法　选择缺血性脑梗死患者 38例 ,对照组 2 0例 ,检测血清高密度脂蛋白含量 ,将不同类型梗死灶与血清高密度脂蛋白的含量进行比较。结果　动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死组血清高密度脂蛋白含量明显降低 ,与对照组比较差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,腔隙性梗死组与对照组比较无显著性差异。结论　血清高密度脂蛋白含量降低是缺血性脑血管病的危险因素 ,监测血清高密度脂蛋白水平 ,并对其进行调控 ,对降低脑血管病发病率有着重要实际意义。 Objective To investigate the changes of serum high density lipoprotein in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Methods Thirty-eight patients with ischemic cerebral infarction and 20 patients with the control group were enrolled in the study. Serum high-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels were measured and the levels of different types of infarcts and serum high density lipoprotein were compared. Results The content of serum high density lipoprotein in atherothrombotic cerebral infarction group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between lacunar infarction group and control group. Conclusions The decrease of serum high density lipoprotein is a risk factor of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Monitoring serum high density lipoprotein level and regulating it has important practical significance to reduce the incidence of cerebrovascular disease.