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在俄罗斯北方铁路货运线路沿线路堤上开展了一系列针对软弱地基(泥炭土和黏土)的研究,包括原型振动诊断、物理建模以及计算路堤变形和加固类型变化等。利用离心模型试验对木桩加固泥炭土地基的性能进行了评价,并将其结果与未进行加固处理的路堤模型进行了对比。以Obozerskaya-Malenga线(俄罗斯北部阿尔汉格尔斯克和摩尔曼斯克地区)上的路堤作为路堤原型开展研究;在MIIT中,采用数值计算方法开展地基稳定性、弹性沉降、最终沉降分析,并采用专用软件确定路基稳定性的影响因素和系数。研究结果表明:未进行加固处理的路基建模失效是由路堤顶部承载能力的减小和固定在模型右侧超载的位移所导致的。根据泥炭土地基基础的隆起(路堤模型的每一侧),其变形有接近路堤模型坡脚的变化趋势,在此情况下最大沉降量超过15mm。原型振动监测的结果决定了对路堤采取的进一步措施为:根据主要标准,对于其中被记录的非稳定状态路堤,建议进行详细的调查和路基加固工程。
A series of studies on weak foundations (peat soils and clays) have been carried out along the embankment of the northern rail freight lines in Russia, including prototype vibration diagnostics, physical modeling and calculation of embankment deformation and reinforcement type changes. Centrifuge model tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of peat stabilized pedestal with wood piles and the results were compared with that of the embankment without reinforcement. The embankment on the Obozerskaya-Malenga line (in Arkhangelsk and Murmansk region in northern Russia) is used as a prototype for the embankment; in MIIT, the calculation of the foundation stability, elastic settlement and final settlement is carried out by numerical calculation and adopted Special software to determine the factors and coefficients of roadbed stability. The results show that the failure of the embankment modeling without reinforcement is caused by the reduction of the carrying capacity at the top of the embankment and the displacement that is fixed to the right side of the model. According to the pedestal uplift of peat soil foundation (on each side of the embankment model), the deformation has the trend of approaching to the foot of embankment model, in which case the maximum settlement exceeds 15mm. As a result of the prototype vibration monitoring, further steps are taken on the embankment as follows: According to the main criteria, detailed investigation and embankment reinforcement are recommended for the unstable embankment recorded therein.