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目的探讨肾癌发病趋势和临床病理特点,并对青年肾癌和中老年肾癌进行对比分析。方法回顾性分析天津医科大学总医院和天津医科大学第二医院2001-2011年1 734例肾细胞癌患者临床病理资料。结果本组1 734例中,青年肾癌113例,中老年肾癌1 621例。青年组透明细胞癌发病明显低于中老年组(58.4%vs.70.4%,掊2=7.332,P﹤0.05);青年组非透明细胞癌中乳头状癌明显高于中老年组(11.5%vs.2.5%,掊2=16.841,P﹤0.05)。肾癌男女发病均呈上升趋势,特别青年女性上升趋势更明显。按时间段将1 734例肾癌分为两组,2001-2006年(早期组)675例,2007-2011年(近期组)1 059例。肿瘤≤3 cm的肾癌205例,近期组所占比例(82.4%)明显高于早期组(17.6%),差异有统计学意义(掊2=44.860,P﹤0.05)。结论肾癌发病年龄呈年轻化,肿瘤≤3 cm的肾癌呈上升趋势,且青年组以乳头状癌多见,提示B超、CT体检的必要性,特别对青年应予以重视。
Objective To investigate the incidence of renal cell carcinoma and clinicopathological features, and comparative analysis of young renal cell carcinoma and middle-aged renal cell carcinoma. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 1 734 renal cell carcinoma patients from 2001 to 2011 in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 1 734 cases in this group, 113 cases were renal cancer and 1 621 cases were renal cancer in middle-aged and elderly patients. The incidence of clear cell carcinoma in young group was significantly lower than that in middle-aged and elderly patients (58.4% vs.70.4%, 掊2 = 7.332, P <0.05) .2.5%, 掊 2 = 16.841, P <0.05). Male and female patients with renal cell carcinoma showed an upward trend, especially the upward trend of young women even more pronounced. A total of 1 734 cases of renal cancer were divided into two groups by time period. There were 675 cases in 2001-2006 (early group) and 1 059 cases in 2007-2011 (immediate group). There were 205 cases of renal carcinoma with tumor less than 3 cm (82.4%) in the recent group, which was significantly higher than that in the early stage (17.6%) (掊 2 = 44.860, P <0.05). Conclusion The age of onset of renal cell carcinoma is younger, and the incidence of renal carcinoma is less than 3 cm. More common in young patients is papillary carcinoma, which indicates the necessity of physical examination of B and CT, especially for young people.