1987～1988年在6个示范县儿童肺炎的监测地区,进行了儿童肺炎病例管理的试点研究,取得了显著成效.婴儿肺炎死亡率由740.18/10万降至275.12/10万,下降了60%;儿童肺炎由第一位死因降至第五位;儿童肺炎住院病死率、高危儿发病率、病死率也有显著下降;通过培训和宣教,家长和乡村医生对儿童肺炎的认识明显提高.本文结果表明,病例管理是在群体水平上防治儿童肺炎的一种行之有效的措施. Pilot studies on case management of pediatric pneumonia were conducted in the monitoring area of ​​children pneumonia in 6 pilot counties in 1987 ~ 1988. The pneumonia mortality rate dropped from 740.18 / 100000 to 275.12 / 100000, down by 60% ; Pneumonia in children dropped from the first cause of death to fifth place; children’s pneumonia in-hospital mortality rate, the incidence of high-risk children, mortality also dropped significantly; through training and mission, parents and village doctors awareness of childhood pneumonia was significantly improved. It shows that case management is an effective measure to prevent and treat children’s pneumonia at the group level.