采用激光粒度分析、显微镜分析、电泳光散射、接触角测量和红外光谱研究了水悬浮液中用丁基黄药(KBX)和丁铵黑药(ADD)诱导细粒铁闪锌矿的疏水絮凝。通过改变各种参数,其中包括pH值、捕收剂浓度和煤油用量,研究了粒度小于20μm的单矿物的絮团浮选行为。结果表明,絮团浮选效果与絮团粒度和颗粒疏水性密切相关,但是由于捕收剂的吸附导致的颗粒表面电性增大并没有降低絮团浮选效果。在优化的操作条件下,在KBX和ADD的作用下细粒铁闪锌矿的絮团浮选回收率均高于90%,而常规浮选的回收率只有60%左右。试验还发现,由于铁闪锌矿颗粒表面油膜的形成,少量煤油的添加可大幅度改进浮选指标。FTIR光谱结果表明这两种药剂在铁闪锌矿表面的吸附均为化学吸附。 The hydrophobic flocculation induced by butyl xanthate (KBX) and ammonium butyrate (ADD) in aqueous suspension was studied by laser particle size analysis, microscopic analysis, electrophoretic light scattering, contact angle measurement and infrared spectroscopy. . By changing various parameters, including pH, collector concentration and the amount of kerosene, the floc flotation behavior of single minerals with particle size less than 20μm was studied. The results show that the flotation efficiency is closely related to the floc size and hydrophobicity of the flocs. However, the electrical properties of the flocculants due to the adsorption of the collector are not increased and the flotation efficiency is not reduced. Under optimized operating conditions, the flotation recovery of fmalite sphalerite was higher than 90% under the action of KBX and ADD, while the recovery of conventional flotation was only about 60%. The experiment also found that the addition of a small amount of kerosene can greatly improve the flotation index due to the formation of the oil film on the surface of the marmatite. The results of FTIR spectroscopy showed that the adsorption of the two agents on the marmatite surface was chemisorbed.