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《第二十二条军规》是海勒最有代表性的作品,也是“黑色幽默”的经典之作。美国“黑色幽默”派的小说,其最大成就就在于对资本主义社会和人们心理的深刻描写以及对荒诞的尖刻讽刺。小说中最荒诞也最具“黑色幽默”性质的便是“第二十二条军规”所象征的总体题旨,即社会和人类存在的荒谬性。小说围绕这一主题从不同细节来揭示现实社会的本质,以荒诞隐喻真理,寄托了作者对自己所描绘世界的深深厌恶和绝望。
“Twenty-two military rules” is the most representative work of Heller, but also “black humor” of the classic. The greatest achievement of the American “black humor” fiction lies in the profound description of the capitalist society and people’s psychology as well as the sharp irony of absurdity. The most absurd and most “black humor” in the novel is the general theme symbolized by the “Twenty-two Military Regulations”, that is, the absurdity of the existence of society and human beings. Based on this theme, the novel reveals the essence of the real world from different details and absurdly metaphorical truths, laying down the author’s deep aversion and despair to the world it depicts.