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以撂荒地为对照,通过测定0-20cm和20-40cm层次土样,利用统计分析方法系统研究乌兰布和沙区籽瓜、玉米、油葵和苜蓿地4种绿洲农田土壤微生物(细菌、放线菌和真菌)和土壤酶活性(蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶和多酚氧化酶)特征。结果表明:(1)各农田微生物数量均为细菌(107)>放线菌(105)>真菌(103),三者中,细菌数量占三大类微生物总数的99%以上;各农田表层微生物数量整体高于对照的,且表层均高于下层,但差异不显著;农田间,籽瓜地微生物数量最多;种植苜蓿可显著提升真菌数量。(2)6种酶活性中,仅蔗糖酶和脲酶在层次间和农田间存在显著差异;各农地表层蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蛋白酶活性均高于对照的;除多酚氧化酶外,苜蓿地酶活性整体较高。(3)各生物学性质相互关联,互相影响。6种酶间呈显著或极显著相关,酶活性既显专性又显共性;蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、多酚氧化酶、真菌和放线菌直接影响有机质含量的程度达85%;总体而言,乌兰布和沙区绿洲体系形成后,长期农作活动使得绿洲农田生物学性质得以改善,土壤质量整体有所提高;设法提高研究区土壤有机质含量是提高绿洲农田土壤质量和改善其生态环境的关键所在,应广种苜蓿。
By using the wasteland as a control, the soil samples of 0 ocm and 20-40cm soil layers were collected and the soil microorganisms (bacteria, actinomyces Bacteria and fungi) and soil enzyme activities (sucrase, urease, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, protease and polyphenol oxidase). The results showed as follows: (1) The number of microbes in each farmland was bacteria (107)> actinomycetes (105)> fungi (103), of which the number of bacteria accounted for more than 99% of the total number of the three major types of microorganisms; The number of the whole was higher than that of the control, and the surface layer was higher than the lower layer, but the difference was insignificant; the quantity of the microorganism was highest in the field and in the seed gourd, and alfalfa could significantly increase the number of fungi. (2) Among the six kinds of enzyme activities, only sucrase and urease showed significant differences between layers and farmland. The activities of sucrase, urease, catalase and protease on the surface of farmland were higher than those of the control. Enzyme, alfalfa enzyme activity overall higher. (3) The biological properties are interrelated and influence each other. There were significant or extremely significant correlations among the six enzymes, and the activity of the enzyme was significant and common. The levels of organic matter, such as sucrase, catalase, urease, protease, polyphenol oxidase, fungi and actinomycetes, 85% .Overall, after the formation of the oasis system in Ulan Buh and Sandy areas, the long-term farming activities improved the biological properties of the oasis farmlands and the overall quality of the soil was improved. The improvement of the soil organic matter content in the study area was to improve the quality of oasis farmland soil And the key to improving their ecological environment, should be widely planted alfalfa.
By using the wasteland as a control, the soil samples of 0 ocm and 20-40cm soil layers were collected and the soil microorganisms (bacteria, actinomyces Bacteria and fungi) and soil enzyme activities (sucrase, urease, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, protease and polyphenol oxidase). The results showed as follows: (1) The number of microbes in each farmland was bacteria (107)> actinomycetes (105)> fungi (103), of which the number of bacteria accounted for more than 99% of the total number of the three major types of microorganisms; The number of the whole was higher than that of the control, and the surface layer was higher than the lower layer, but the difference was insignificant; the quantity of the microorganism was highest in the field and in the seed gourd, and alfalfa could significantly increase the number of fungi. (2) Among the six kinds of enzyme activities, only sucrase and urease showed significant differences between layers and farmland. The activities of sucrase, urease, catalase and protease on the surface of farmland were higher than those of the control. Enzyme, alfalfa enzyme activity overall higher. (3) The biological properties are interrelated and influence each other. There were significant or extremely significant correlations among the six enzymes, and the activity of the enzyme was significant and common. The levels of organic matter, such as sucrase, catalase, urease, protease, polyphenol oxidase, fungi and actinomycetes, 85% .Overall, after the formation of the oasis system in Ulan Buh and Sandy areas, the long-term farming activities improved the biological properties of the oasis farmlands and the overall quality of the soil was improved. The improvement of the soil organic matter content in the study area was to improve the quality of oasis farmland soil And the key to improving their ecological environment, should be widely planted alfalfa.