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目的研究救援人员在自然灾害中挖掘和处置遇难者遗体的流程与防护措施。方法通过回顾性总结方法,对中国国际救援队参与的5次国际地震救援中遇难者遗体挖掘资料进行总结与分析。结果在自然灾害医学救援中,需要先后进行幸存者搜救与遇难者遗体挖掘和处置工作。灾害现场遗体挖掘和处置流程:辨认、登记、消毒、包裹、再消毒、搬运、移交。救援人员防护流程:心理准备和预防接种,挖掘过程中个人防护,特殊遗体和环境消毒,各种用具和个人卫生消毒。结论建立科学的遗体挖掘现场医学防护流程,尊重遇难者的尊严和保障救援者的安全。
Objective To study the process and protective measures of rescue workers in excavating and disposing of the remains of victims during natural disasters. Methods The retrospective summary method was used to summarize and analyze the excavation data of the remains of the victims in the five international earthquake rescue teams participated by China International Rescue Team. Results In natural disaster medical rescue, it is necessary to carry out the search and rescue of survivors and the excavation and disposal of the remains of the victims. Disaster site excavation and disposal processes: identification, registration, disinfection, parcels, and then disinfection, handling, transfer. Rescue workers protection process: psychological preparation and vaccination, personal protection during excavation, special remains and the environment disinfection, various appliances and personal hygiene disinfection. Conclusion The establishment of scientific remains excavated on-site medical protection process, respecting the dignity of the victims and safeguarding the safety of the rescuers.