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目的调查合肥市水源与饮用水中挥发性卤代烃污染水平,评估对人体潜在健康风险。方法顶空气相色谱法测定合肥市A、B两水厂水源水、出厂水及管网末梢水中7种卤代烃;采用美国环保暑(USEPA)水环境健康风险评价模型,从摄入、皮肤接触和吸入3种途径进行定量评估。结果水源水检出CHCl3、CCl4和C2Cl43种卤代烃,出厂水和管网末梢水除CHBr3,其余6种均有检出,平均浓度范围分别为0.17～3.64μg/L、0.11～37.05μg/L和0.03～52.25μg/L,均未超过国家标准。致癌风险主要来自CHCl3、C2HCl3和CHBrCl2,风险值男性6.61E-07～8.21E-05,女性6.70E-10～7.69E-05。不同暴露途径致癌风险,经口摄入>吸入>皮肤接触。引起非致癌风险的化合物主要为CHCl3和C2HCl3,风险指数男性5.05E-02～7.83E-01,女性5.11E-02～7.94E-01。A、B两水厂所检挥发性卤代烃种类和浓度不同,致癌风险和非致癌风险有所差异。结论目前合肥市水源及饮用水中挥发性卤代烃致癌风险和非致癌风险均在可接受水平,不会对成人产生明显的健康危害。
Objective To investigate the pollution levels of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons in drinking water and drinking water in Hefei and evaluate the potential health risks to human beings. Methods Headspace gas chromatography was used to determine seven kinds of halohydrocarbons in the source water, the outlet water and the peripheral water of the pipelines in A and B waterlines of Hefei City. According to the USEPA water environment health risk assessment model, Contact and inhalation 3 ways for quantitative assessment. Results CHCl3, CCl4 and C2Cl43 kinds of halohydrocarbons were detected in the water source water. Except for CHBr3, the other 6 kinds of halohydrocarbons were found in the exiting water and the pipe network. The average concentrations ranged from 0.17 to 3.64 μg / L and from 0.11 to 37.05 μg / L and 0.03 ~ 52.25μg / L, all not exceeding the national standard. Carcinogenic risk mainly from CHCl3, C2HCl3 and CHBrCl2, the risk value of male 6.61E-07 ~ 8.21E-05, female 6.70E-10 ~ 7.69E-05. Carcinogenic risk according to route of exposure, Oral intake> Inhalation> Skin contact. The compounds that cause non-carcinogenic risk are mainly CHCl3 and C2HCl3, the risk index is 5.05E-02 ~ 7.83E-01 for men and 5.11E-02 ~ 7.94E-01 for women. A, B water plants seized volatile halogenated hydrocarbons different types and concentrations, carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk are different. Conclusion At present, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons in drinking water and drinking water in Hefei are all within acceptable levels and will not cause obvious health hazards to adults.