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目的 了解南华县城区中小学生健康状况及变化趋势。方法按照《2005年全国学生体质健康调研工作手册》的要求,对南华县城区3所中小学校2006~2009年的在校学生14261名进行体检,并对体检资料统计分析。结果 4年间在校生的体检合格率为42.60%(6075、14261)2006~2009年各年度在校学生体检完全合格率分别为49.5%(441/891)31.9%(530/1660)、44.5%(697/15651)、44.5%(731/1643)男、女生体检合格率分别为44.6%(3238/7261)/40.00/%(32008000)男生体检合格率高于女生(P<0.05)。学生检出的疾病主要是视力不良(35.16%)龋齿(31.5%)乙肝表面抗原阳性(1.4%)、肥胖(5.25%)贫血(3,2%)、色盲色弱(1.7%)、沙眼(15,1%)。视力不良、龋齿、贫血检出率女生高于男生(均P<0.05),乙肝表面抗原阳性、沙眼、肥胖、色盲色弱男生高于女生(P<0.05)。结论南华县城区中小学生的健康应引起重视,应加强视力不良、龋齿、肥胖、贫血、乙肝表面抗原阳性的防治,加强健康教育,建立健全学生健康档案,提高学生的整体健康水平。
Objective To understand the health status and changing trend of primary and secondary school students in Nanhua County. Methods According to the “2005 National Student Health Survey Working Handbook,” we conducted a physical examination of 14,261 students from 3 primary and secondary schools in Nanhua County from 2006 to 2009, and analyzed the physical examination data. Results The passing rate of medical examinations among the students in 4 years was 42.60% (6075, 14261) The overall pass rate of physical examination of students in each year from 2006 to 2009 was 49.5% (441/891), 31.9% (530/1660) and 44.5% 697/15651) and 44.5% (731/1643) respectively. The pass rate of medical examination for boys and girls was 44.6% (3238/7261) / 40.00% (32008000) respectively, and the passing rate of boys was higher than that of girls (P <0.05). Students were diagnosed as having poor eyesight (35.16%), dental caries (31.5%) positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (1.4%), obesity (5.25% Trachoma (15,1%). The incidences of poor eyesight, dental caries and anemia were higher in girls than boys (all P <0.05). HBsAg was positive in children with trachoma, obesity and blindness. Conclusions The health of primary and secondary school students in Nanhua County should pay more attention to this problem. The prevention and treatment of poor eyesight, dental caries, obesity, anemia and hepatitis B surface antigen should be strengthened. Health education should be strengthened. The health files should be established and perfected to improve students’ overall health.