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目的 了解土家族、苗族女生的体格发育水平及其体型特征 ,并指导学校卫生保健工作。方法 对 1995年土家族、苗族 15～ 18岁女生 76 2人的体格发育及其体型指数资料作了统计加工 ,并与 1985年的同类资料作了比较 ,以观察其生长发育动态。结果 汉族女生的身高均数比土家族和苗族女生高些 ,而土家族和苗族女生的体型较为粗壮。但体重与胸围发育迟于汉族。结论 作者认为 ,自然地理环境、生活习俗、饮食营养 ,以及不同民族的遗传特性等都可能对青少年的体格发育和体型产生重要的影响
Objective To understand the physical development and body type characteristics of Tujia and Miao girls, and to guide school health care. Methods The data of physical development and body shape index of 762 female students aged from 15 to 18 years old in Tujia and Miao in 1995 were statistically processed and compared with similar data in 1985 to observe their growth and development. Results The average height of Han girls was higher than that of Tujia and Miao girls, while the Tujia and Miao girls were thicker. However, body weight and chest development were later than Han. Conclusion The author believes that natural geography, living customs, dietary nutrition, and the genetic traits of different ethnic groups may have important effects on adolescents’ physical development and body shape.