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针对首山一矿11061工作面运输平巷厚泥岩复合顶板强度低、无稳定承载结构、顶板下沉量大的问题,通过监测巷道围岩破坏及离层发育,统计巷道破坏具体形式,分析得出复杂应力条件下厚泥岩复合顶板巷道破坏的力学机制。基于普氏拱理论,结合现场具体支护和破坏状况,提出“预应力锚杆+锚索承载结构,配合原生裂隙区域注浆加固”的改进支护方案:预应力锚索(杆)形成的主、次承载结构协同作用,在两承载层间的泥岩顶板形成压缩区限制离层发展;布置倾斜锚索与垂直锚索,限制巷道顶帮角处围岩塑性区扩展,防止锚索锚固点所在岩层破断失去承载能力。依据塑性圈理论和数值模拟等手段,确定锚杆、锚索等具体支护参数,利用分区注浆加固泥岩强烈膨胀与松动破坏区域。数值模拟和现场工程实践的结果表明:与原支护方案对比,改进的支护方案巷道变形量减少约50%,巷道围岩完整程度明显提高,有效地控制了厚泥岩复合顶板变形与破坏。
Aiming at the problem of low strength, no stable bearing structure and heavy roof subsidence, the roof of the 11061 working face of the first coal mine in Shoushan Mine No.1 has been analyzed. MECHANICS MECHANISM OF ROADWAY DAMAGE UNDER COMPLICATED MENTRIFICATION UNDER COMPLICATED STRESS. Based on the theory of Platts arch and the concrete support and damage conditions in the field, an improved supporting scheme of “prestressed anchor + anchor bearing structure with grouting reinforcement in primary fracture region” was proposed: prestressed anchor cable (rod) The formation of the primary and secondary load-bearing structure of the synergy between the two load-bearing layer of mudstone roof to form a compression zone to limit the development of the separation; the arrangement of inclined anchor and vertical anchor cable to limit the top of the roadway top plastic zone plastic expansion to prevent the anchor Where the anchor point is broken, the bearing capacity is lost. According to plastic circle theory and numerical simulation, the parameters of bolt, anchor cable and other concrete support are determined, and grouting is used to reinforce the strong expansion and loosening area of mudstone. The results of numerical simulation and field engineering practice show that compared with the original support scheme, the deformation of the roadway improved by about 50% is reduced by about 50%. The completeness of the surrounding rock of the roadway is obviously improved and the deformation and failure of the thick mudstone composite roof are effectively controlled.