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研究表明克拉通的形成与超大陆的汇聚和裂解有着重要关系。本文对近年来超大陆重建的研究进行了分析对比,对克拉通发展与超大陆事件的关系做出了总结。前人对超大陆的研究表明,其形成与地幔动力有直接联系,地幔柱重组的旋回导致了超大陆的旋回。Phillips and Bunge(2007)在前人三维球体地幔对流模型的基础上加入大陆进行了模拟实验,结果显示周期性的超大陆旋回只发生在理想模型中,而Senshu et al.(2009)对代表陆壳的英云闪长岩一奥长花岗岩—花岗岩(TTG)地壳进行了研究,提出随着俯冲的TTG地壳产热速率的下降,超大陆旋回的周期随之变长;更有许多学者指出,历史上哥伦比亚超大陆存在时间明显较长,因此超大陆的旋回并不具有周期性。对近年来不同学者提出的哥伦比亚、罗迪尼亚、冈瓦纳、潘基亚4个超大陆新的重建证据进行分析,大致确定出上述4个超大陆的形成时间、格局及演化过程。此外,对华北、东欧、西伯利亚、亚马孙、刚果、西非6个克拉通各自的演化进行分析,也显示出克拉通演化与超大陆汇聚及裂解在时间与空间上有对应关系。通过分析得出克拉通演化与超大陆旋回有关,且确定出克拉通演化的4个超大陆旋回。本文最后讨论了克拉通盆地的成因机制以及3种端元类型,并将盆地的发育与超大陆演化的巨旋回相联系。
Studies have shown that the formation of cratons and supercontinent convergence and cracking is an important relationship. This paper analyzes and compares the studies on the reconstruction of the supercontinent in recent years and concludes the relationship between the development of Craton and the events in the supercontinent. Previous studies on the supercontinent show that its formation is directly related to the mantle motility, and the mantle plume recombination cycle leads to the supercontinental cycle. Phillips and Bunge (2007) conducted a simulation experiment based on the previous three-dimensional spherical mantle convection model. The results show that the periodic supercontinental gyration occurs only in the ideal model, while Senshu et al. (2009) Crust of the British diorite - a long granite - granite (TTG) crust was studied, suggesting that with the subduction of TTG crustal heat production rate of decline, the supercontinental cycle will become longer cyclotron; many more scholars pointed out, Historically, the supercontinent in Colombia existed significantly longer, so the cycle of the supercontinent was not periodic. This paper analyzes the evidence of reconstruction of four supercontinent continents in Colombia, Rodinia, Gondwana and Panquia proposed by different scholars in recent years, and roughly determines the formation time, pattern and evolution of the above four supercontinent. In addition, the analysis of the evolution of six craton in North China, Eastern Europe, Siberia, Amazon, Congo and West Africa also shows that the evolution of cratons and supercontinent convergence and cracking have a corresponding relationship in time and space. It is concluded from the analysis that the cratonic evolution is related to the supercontinental cycle and the four supercontinent cycles of the cratonic evolution are determined. The paper finally discusses the genesis mechanism and three kinds of terminal types of the craton basin, and links the development of the basin with the giant cycle of the super-continental evolution.