一、探索历程与理论发展新中国成立至今,党治国理政的法治实践,大体经历了四个阶段。第一阶段:国家治理虽有民主法制意识,但国家治理遭遇到严重曲折(1949年至1977年)。1949年9月颁布执行的《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》,从法理上不仅规定了中华人民共和国的国体、政体,而且宣告了中华人民共和国的诞生。从1949年的《共同纲领》到1954年第 I. Exploration Course and Theoretical Development Up till now, the rule of law practice of the party and state administration has generally gone through four stages. The first stage: Despite the awareness of democracy and the rule of law, state governance has suffered serious twists and turns (1949-1977). The Common Program for the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, promulgated and implemented in September 1949, not only stipulates the state and polity of the People’s Republic of China from the jurisprudence, but also proclaims the birth of the People’s Republic of China. From the 1949 “Common Program” to 1954