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为了解南麂列岛潮间带珊瑚藻类对于其他大型藻类和底栖动物的影响,在南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区布设了4条潮间带断面,于2012年5月至2013年2月对其生物状况进行了逐季调查,分别分析了中低潮区大型藻类、非珊瑚藻大型藻类、底栖动物的物种多样性和均匀度,并计算了大型底栖动物的功能多样性指数Rao’s Q。主要结果如下:(1)共采集和鉴定出大型藻类52种,其中珊瑚藻科藻类有5种;(2)珊瑚藻类在高潮区没有分布,在中低潮区均占据优势,占潮间带藻类生物量的68.9%。四季中低潮区大型藻类的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.638–4.044,非珊瑚藻大型藻类的多样性指数范围为1.495–3.809,底栖动物为5.289–6.917;大型藻类的Pielou均匀度指数范围为0.819–0.971,非珊瑚藻大型藻类的均匀度指数范围为0.830–0.973,底栖动物为0.967–0.988;(3)大型藻类物种多样性和均匀度指数的降低与珊瑚藻类优势度的增加相关,但珊瑚藻类优势度与底栖动物物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和功能多样性指数均没有显著相关性;(4)底栖动物功能多样性与珊瑚藻类优势度均呈低潮区高于中潮区的变化规律,但相关性分析表明两者间并无直接联系。推测珊瑚藻类通过竞争占据了其他藻类的生存空间,从而降低了南麂列岛潮间带大型藻类的物种多样性和均匀度。底栖动物则因其自身生活特点而使得珊瑚藻类的扩张未能影响其多样性水平。
In order to understand the influence of coral algae in the intertidal area of Nanji Islands on other large algae and zoobenthos, four intertidal sections were laid in Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve, from May 2012 to February 2013 The biological status of the macrophytes was investigated quarter by quarter. The species diversity and evenness of macroalgae, macroalgae and zoobenthos in mid-low tide areas were analyzed respectively. The functional diversity index of macrobenthos was calculated as Rao’s Q . The main results are as follows: (1) A total of 52 species of macrophytes were collected and identified, of which 5 were algae coralweed species. (2) Coral algae were not distributed in high tide zone, 68.9% of biomass. Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 1.638 to 4.044 for the macroalgae in low and mid-seasons in the four seasons, while the diversity index of macroalgae in non-coral algae ranged from 1.495 to 3.809 and from 5.289 to 6.917 in zoobenthos. The Pielou evenness index range (0.819-0.971). The evenness index of non-coral algae macroalgae ranged from 0.830 to 0.973, while the benthic macrobenthos ranged from 0.967 to 0.988. (3) The decrease of diversity and evenness index of macroalgae was correlated with the increase of dominance of coral algae , But there was no significant correlation between the dominance of coral algae and the species diversity index, evenness index and functional diversity index of benthic fauna. (4) The functional diversity of benthic fauna and the dominance of coral algae were higher than that of middle tide However, the correlation analysis shows that there is no direct relationship between the two. It is speculated that coral algae dominate other algae ’s living space through competition, thus reducing the species diversity and evenness of macroalgae in the intertidal zone of Nanji Island. Benthic animals are due to their own characteristics of life and make the expansion of coral algae failed to affect its level of diversity.