目的针对黄淮海地区长期采用单一土壤旋耕作业存在的弊端,研究由秸秆覆盖深松、秸秆还田旋耕和秸秆还田深耕组成的不同轮耕模式对黄淮海两熟区农田的土壤改良效应。【方法】连续6年定位实施5种轮耕模式:连年旋耕(CRT,CK)、连年深松(CST)、连年深耕(CDT)、深耕/旋耕(DT/RT)和深耕/旋耕/旋耕(DT/RT/RT),研究各轮耕模式对冬小麦-夏玉米农田土壤三相比R值、土壤有机碳储量、全氮储量、土壤酶活性、土壤呼吸速率和作物经济效益的影响。【结果】轮耕模式、耕层深度、年份对土壤三相比R值、土壤有机碳储量、全氮储量和酶活性存在显著或极显著影响。与连年旋耕相比,连年深松模式有利于表层土壤有机碳储量、氮储量、土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性的积累,而连年深耕、深耕/旋耕和深耕/旋耕/旋耕轮耕模式有利于增加10—40 cm土层的有机碳储量、氮储量、土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性,促进土壤营养均匀分布。随着轮耕年限的增加,0—40 cm土层的R值呈整体降低趋势,而土壤有机碳储量、全氮储量呈整体增加趋势,其中深耕/旋耕和深耕/旋耕/旋耕轮耕模式表现更为明显。与试验开展前相比,秸秆全量还田下的连年旋耕、连年深松、连年深耕、深耕/旋耕和深耕/旋耕/旋耕模式在0—40 cm土层的R值分别降低20.8%、33.1%、29.5%、29.7%和30.7%,有机碳储量分别增加6.4%、14.5%、16.0%、20.6%和23.8%,全氮储量分别增加3.1%、11.1%、11.6%、13.3%和15.7%。轮耕模式对土壤呼吸速率存在极显著影响,与连年旋耕相比,连年深松、连年深耕、深耕/旋耕和深耕/旋耕/旋耕模式冬小麦季的土壤呼吸速率分别提高20.7%、19.3%、13.7%和9.2%,夏玉米季分别提高19.1%、18.1%、15.2%和10.4%。但与连年深耕相比,深耕/旋耕和深耕/旋耕/旋耕模式冬小麦季的土壤呼吸速率分别显著降低5.9%和9.6%,夏玉米季分别降低3.3%和7.3%。其中,深耕/旋耕/旋耕模式冬小麦季的土壤呼吸速率比深耕/旋耕降低4.1%,夏玉米季降低4.3%。轮耕模式、年份及其交互对作物产量和经济效益存在极显著影响。对5种轮耕模式6年的作物周年产量和经济效益综合分析,以深耕/旋耕模式最高,但与深耕/旋耕/旋耕模式的作物产量和经济效益差异均不显著。深耕/旋耕/旋耕、深耕/旋耕、连年深耕和连年深松的周年产量比连年旋耕分别增加18.9%、21.4%、12.9%和15.7%,其经济效益比连年旋耕分别增加31.9%、36.2%、20.3%和25.4%。【结论】深耕/旋耕/旋耕轮耕模式能够改善耕层结构,增加土壤耕层碳氮储量和根区酶活性,且显著降低农田碳排放量,增产增收效果明显,为黄淮海地区冬小麦-夏玉米两熟制农田适宜的轮耕模式,其次是深耕/旋耕轮耕模式。 Aim To find out the shortcomings of long-term single-tillage rotary farming in Huang-Huai-Hai region, the effects of different rotation patterns of straw-tillage with subsoiling with straw mulch, straw returning with straw and returning straw with straw to farmland in Huang-Huai- . 【Method】 Five kinds of rotation patterns were carried out for 6 consecutive years: continuous rotation (CRT), successive years of deep cessation (CST), successive deep plowing (CDT), deep plowing / rotary plowing (DT / RT) and deep plowing / (R / T), soil organic carbon storage (TOC), total nitrogen (N), soil enzyme activity, soil respiration rate and the economic benefit of crops under different tillage patterns influences. 【Result】 The results showed that there were significant or extremely significant effects of rotation pattern, depth of plow layer and year on R value, soil organic carbon storage, total nitrogen storage and enzyme activity of soil three phases. Compared with successive years of rotary tillage, successive years of subsoiling mode is conducive to the accumulation of surface soil organic carbon storage, nitrogen storage, soil urease and invertase activity, and year after year, deep / tillage and deep tillage / rotary tillage / rotary tillage It is beneficial to increase soil organic carbon storage, nitrogen storage, soil urease and invertase activity in 10-40 cm soil layer and promote the uniform distribution of soil nutrients. With the increase of rotation rotation period, the R value of 0-40 cm soil layer showed an overall decreasing trend, whereas the contents of soil organic carbon storage and total nitrogen accumulation increased as a whole. Among them, the deep / tillage and deep tillage / rotary tillage / Plowing mode is more obvious. Compared with those before the experiment, the R values ​​of 0-100 cm soil layer under deep-tillage / tillage and deep-tillage / rotary-tillage / rotary tillage decreased by 20.8 Organic carbon storage increased by 6.4%, 14.5%, 16.0%, 20.6% and 23.8%, respectively, and total nitrogen reserves increased by 3.1%, 11.1%, 11.6% and 13.3% respectively, And 15.7%. The rotation pattern had a significant effect on soil respiration rate. Soil respiration rate increased by 20.7% in successive deep-plowing, deep-plowing / tillage and deep-plowing / rotary / 19.3%, 13.7% and 9.2% respectively. The summer maize season increased by 19.1%, 18.1%, 15.2% and 10.4% respectively. However, soil respiration rates of deep-plowing / tillage and deep-tillage / rotary-tillage / winter wheat decreased significantly by 5.9% and 9.6%, respectively, and decreased by 3.3% and 7.3% respectively in summer maize. Among them, the soil respiration rate of deep-plowing / tillage / rotary-tillage winter wheat decreased by 4.1% and that of summer maize decreased by 4.3%. Rotation patterns, years and their interactions have a very significant effect on crop yields and economic benefits. The six-year crop rotation yield and economic benefits of the five rotation patterns are the highest, but the highest yield and economic benefits are the same with the deep-rooted / rotary-tillage / rotary tillage patterns. The annual output of deep plowing / tillage / rotary plowing, deep plowing / rotary plowing, perennial plowing and year after year of subsoiling increased by 18.9%, 21.4%, 12.9% and 15.7% respectively over the number of successive years of rotary plowing, whose economic benefits increased by 31.9% %, 36.2%, 20.3% and 25.4%. 【Conclusion】 The deep tillage / rotary / rotary tillage pattern can improve the tillage structure, increase the carbon and nitrogen of soil plow layer and the activity of root zone enzyme, significantly reduce the carbon emission in farmland and increase yield and income, which is obvious for winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai region - Suitable maize rotation pattern of summer maize and double cropping farmland, followed by deep cultivating / rotary tilling rotation pattern.