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目的了解广州市2011年居民主要死因及各类疾病的危害程度,为制定疾病预防和控制措施提供决策依据。方法 2011年人口资料由广州市卫生局提供。死因监测资料来自2011年广州市死因登记报告信息系统报告的死亡病例。疾病分类按ICD-10进行分类编码,对2011年广州市居民死亡数据进行描述性流行病学分析,通过死亡率、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命、减寿年数等指标分析居民死亡和减寿的主要原因。结果 2011年广州市居民通过死因登记报告信息系统报告的死亡病例44 262例,粗死亡率为544.47/10万,标化率为336.45/10万,男性死亡率为612.50/10万,标化率为431.12/10万;女性死亡率为474.66/10万,标化率为248.26/10万,男性高于女性(P<0.01);前6位死因依次为:恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病、诊断不明、伤害,死亡率分别为133.44/10万、101.82/10万、100.68/10万、73.70/10万、31.54/10万、26.53/10万;期望寿命为80.83岁,去除恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病后,预期寿命可分别增加3.81、2.78和2.73岁;以减寿年数(PYLL)计,导致潜在寿命损失的前6位死因为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病、诊断不明、伤害,分别为107 716.00、81 414.00、81 106.50、61 978.50、26 523.00、22 232.50年。结论慢性疾病,特别是恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病等疾病正严重威胁广州市居民的身体健康。加强对这些慢性病的防治是广州市卫生工作的重点,尤其是预防恶性肿瘤的发生,提高其早诊早治水平对减少寿命损失有重要意义。
Objective To understand the main causes of death and various diseases of Guangzhou residents in 2011 and to provide decision-making basis for the formulation of disease prevention and control measures. Method 2011 population data provided by the Guangzhou Municipal Health Bureau. The cause of death monitoring data from the 2011 Guangzhou death cause registration report information system reported deaths. The classification of diseases was classified by ICD-10, and a descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the death data of Guangzhou residents in 2011. Mortality and life expectancy, life expectancy at death and years of life lost were used to analyze the death and longevity of residents main reason. Results In 2011, 44,262 deaths were reported by residents in Guangzhou through the CRIS. The crude death rate was 544.47 / 100,000, the standardization rate was 336.45 / 100,000 and the male mortality rate was 612.50 / 100,000. The standardization rate (431.12 / 100000). The mortality rate of female was 474.66 / 100000 with standardization rate of 248.26 / 100000, higher than that of female (P <0.01). The first six death causes were malignant tumor, heart disease, respiratory disease , Cerebrovascular disease, unknown diagnosis, injury and death rate were 133.44 / 100000, 101.82 / 100000, 100.68 / 100000, 73.70 / 100000, 31.54 / 100000 and 26.53 / 100000 respectively. The life expectancy was 80.83 years old, Life expectancy increased by 3.81, 2.78 and 2.73 years after removal of malignant, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, respectively. The top 6 deaths due to PYLL were malignant tumors, heart disease, Respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, unknown diagnosis and injuries were 107 716.00, 81 414.00, 81 106.50, 61 978.50, 26 523.00, 22 232. 50 years respectively. Conclusion Chronic diseases, especially malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and other diseases are seriously threatening the health of Guangzhou residents. To strengthen the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases is the focus of health work in Guangzhou City, especially to prevent the occurrence of malignant tumors, improve the level of early diagnosis and treatment of early treatment to reduce the loss of life is of great significance.