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建国初期的知识分子思想改造运动兴起的原因有我国政权巩固与经济建设的必然要求以及知识分子自身存在着亲美、反共、疑共倾向以及其普遍存在的“原罪”意识等。运动共经历了学习动员、批评与自我批评以及组织清理三个阶段。运动巩固了新生的政权,推动了高等教育体制的改革,但同时也由于要求过高、做法粗暴产生了一些负面影响。
The reasons for the rise of the ideological reform movement in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China were due to the inevitable demands of the consolidation of power and economic construction in our country, as well as the tendency of pro-United States, anti-communism and suspicion as well as their ubiquity of “original sin” awareness among the intellectuals themselves. The movement has undergone three stages of learning mobilization, criticism and self-criticism, and organizational clean-up. The movement consolidated the nascent government and promoted the reform of the higher education system, but at the same time, it also caused some negative effects due to the excessive demands.