改革开放30多年来,中国社会发生的最能影响中国社会稳定和未来走向的变革,是农村社会利益结构和社会阶层结构的剧烈分化与组合。农村社会利益的多元化,社会阶层的多样化,除考验基层党组织和基层政府对农村利益整合能力外,更直接的,是对现存的农村利益表达机制提出严峻挑战。一、利益表达与农民利益结构的新变化 Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the most important changes that have taken place in Chinese society that affect the stability and future direction of China’s society are the sharp differentiation and combination of the social interest structure in rural areas and the social class structure. In addition to diversifying the social interests of rural areas and diversifying social classes, it is more direct to test the existing mechanism of village interest expression in addition to testing the grassroots party organizations and grassroots-level governments’ ability to integrate rural interests. First, the expression of interests and new changes in the structure of peasant interests