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目的探讨丰富环境对大鼠惊厥性脑损伤是否具有保护作用。方法2004-08西安交通大学医学院对30只21日龄雄性SD大鼠经水浴法诱导反复惊厥10次后随机均分为长程丰富环境暴露组(LG)、短程丰富环境暴露组(SG)和对照组(CG)。LG、SG组分别暴露于丰富环境中10d和5d,CG组不给予干预措施。观察各组大鼠在避暗试验(passiveavoidancetest,PAT)、Morris水迷宫(Morriswatermaze,MWM)及旷场试验(openfieldtest,OFT)中学习记忆和情感行为的变化。结果丰富环境暴露可使反复惊厥大鼠在PAT中的记忆潜伏期延长[LG组为(323·42±98·38)s,SG组为(276·52±92·64)s,CG组为(197·13±95·11)s,P<0·01],错误反应次数减少(LG组为1·75±1·01,SG组为2·14±1·13,CG组为5·37±1·26,P<0·01);在OFT中,丰富环境暴露可增强反复惊厥大鼠的兴奋性(LG组得分为62·35±7·81,SG组为53·67±7·66,CG组为45·48±7·34,P<0·01),提高大鼠对陌生环境的适应能力(LG组后肢性站立的次数为33·37±4·74,SG组为26·18±4·23,CG组为17·19±4·31,P<0·01),改善大鼠的紧张情绪(LG组粪便粒数为3·85±2·01,SG组为6·14±1·98,CG组为11·62±2·12,P<0·01);在MWM中,丰富环境暴露可使反复惊厥大鼠逃逸潜伏期缩短,搜寻策略改善(LG、SG及CG组直线式搜寻策略所占百分比依次为37·8%、33·6%及27·2%,χ2=41·02,P<0·005)。结论丰富环境暴露可以改善反复惊厥大鼠的学习记忆和情感行为,对惊厥性脑功能损伤具有保护作用。
Objective To investigate whether enriched environment has protective effect on rats with convulsive brain injury. METHODS: Twenty 30-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: long-term enriched environment exposed group (LG), short-range enriched environment exposed group (SG) and Control group (CG). LG and SG groups were exposed to the rich environment 10d and 5d, CG group did not give interventions. The change of learning and memory and emotion behavior in passiveavoidancetest (PAT), Morris watermaze (MWM) and openfieldtest (OFT) were observed in each group. Results Enrichment of environmental exposure prolonged the memory latency of recurrent convulsant rats in PAT [(323.4 ± 98.38) s in LG group, (276 ± 52 ± 92.64) s in SG group compared with 197.13 ± 95.11) s, P <0.01, and the number of false reaction decreased (1.75 ± 1.01 in LG group, 2.14 ± 1.13 in SG group and 5.37 in CG group ± 1 · 26, P <0.01). In OFT, abundant environmental exposure enhanced the excitability of recurrent convulsive rats (LGG score was 62.35 ± 7.81, SG was 53.67 ± 7 · 66 in CG group and 45.48 ± 7.34 in CG group, P <0.01), which improved the ability of rats to adapt to unfamiliar environment (the number of hindlimb standing in LG group was 33.37 ± 4.74, and the SG group was 26 · 18 ± 4.23 in the CG group and 17.19 ± 4.31 in the CG group (P <0.01), which could improve the tension of the rats (the number of feces was 3.85 ± 2.01 in LG group and 6 · 14 ± 1 · 98, CG group was 11.62 ± 2.12, P <0.01). In MWM, enriched environment exposure could shorten escape latency and improve search strategy (LG, SG and The percentage of CG search strategy was 37.8%, 33.6% and 27.2% respectively, χ2 = 41.02, P <0 · 005. Conclusion Enrichment of environmental exposure can improve the learning, memory and emotional behaviors of rats with recurrent seizures and protect the convulsive brain function.