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尽管非金属材料获得广泛的应用,但在最近十年内,基本的结构材料仍然是金属及其合金。金属及其合金的产量,在生产技术水平高的国家里增长得很快;同时经过热处理的钢产量,增长尤为明显。世界钢产量的变化在1955年时全世界为二亿六千五百万吨其中97%是由发展水平高的国家生产的,其余仅3%由发展中国家所生产。1976年,全世界钢的总产量增长到七亿五千万吨;这时发展水平高的国家和发展中国家的钢产量分别为87%和7%。可以推测到2000年,发展水平高的国家其钢产量将达到全世界总钢产量的69%,而发展中国家为21%。按产量而言,从1970年到2000年世界钢的总产量将增长1.9倍,即从六亿吨增加到十七亿五千万吨,经过热处理的钢产量将增长8倍(从六千二百万吨到五亿六千万吨)。在本世纪内(从1977年到2000年),工业化水平中等的国
Despite the widespread use of non-metallic materials, the basic structural material in the last decade remains the metals and their alloys. The output of metals and their alloys has grown rapidly in countries with high levels of production technology, and at the same time the output of heat-treated steel has seen particularly pronounced growth. World steel production changes in 1955 at 256 million tons worldwide 97% of which is produced by countries with high levels of development, while the remaining 3% are produced by developing countries. In 1976, the world’s total steel production increased to 750 million tons; at this time, the output of developed and developing countries was 87% and 7% respectively. It can be assumed that by 2000, countries with high development levels will have 69% of their steel output in the world, compared with 21% in developing countries. In terms of production, world steel production will increase 1.9 times from 1970 to 2000, from 600 million tons to 1.750 billion tons, and heat treated steel output will increase eight-fold (from 6,200 Million tons to 560 million tons). In this century (from 1977 to 2000) countries with medium industrialization levels