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利用53个SSR标记和24个表型性状分析东北三省107个水稻推广品种,探讨东北水稻推广品种群体遗传多样性及不同育成年代、省份间的遗传多样性和互补性。结果表明,表型遗传多样性高于DNA水平,年代间表型与微卫星标记的遗传多样性具有较高的相似性,而地区间无明显相似性。东北水稻推广品种遗传多样性比较狭窄,随着时间推移增加的新等位基因多于消失的旧等位基因数。三省水稻推广品种遗传多样性呈现黑龙江>吉林>辽宁的趋势,但由于地区间频繁引种,东北水稻品种在区域上的遗传分化已不明显,其差异主要来源于品种间的基因型差异。不同省份存在较多的互补等位变异,最多的在黑龙江和辽宁之间。不同省份和不同年代间分别拥有各自特有和特缺的等位变异。参试品种可分为5个类群,每一类群均有两个以上年代(省份)品种分布。
Fifty-three SSR markers and 24 phenotypic traits were used to analyze 107 rice popularized rice varieties in three provinces in Northeast China. The genetic diversity and complementarity of rice popularization population in northeast China and different breeding age and provinces were analyzed. The results showed that the phenotypic genetic diversity was higher than that of DNA. The genetic diversity of microsatellite markers was highly similar between the years and no significant similarity among the regions. The genetic diversity of Northeast rice popula- tions is relatively narrow, with more new alleles than ever disappearing alleles over time. The genetic diversity of rice popularization in three provinces showed the trend of Heilongjiang> Jilin> Liaoning. However, the genetic differentiation of the Northeast rice varieties in the region was not obvious due to the frequent introduction among regions. The difference mainly came from the genotype differences among breeds. There are more complementary alleles in different provinces, most of which are between Heilongjiang and Liaoning. Different provinces and different age have their own unique and special missing allelic variation. The test varieties can be divided into 5 groups, each group has more than two varieties (provinces) distribution.