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目的探讨环境因素及防控措施对手足口病聚集疫情的影响,分析控制疫情的关键点。方法调查2014年天津市幼托儿童手足口病病例卫生习惯和生活环境,收集2014的手足口病聚集性疫情资料,分析两者关联。结果幼托儿童手足口病病例中有接触史且不用流动水洗手、幼儿园书籍、玩具无定期消毒、生活环境周围可见垃圾、粪便的比例较高(均有P<0.05)。未落实防控措施的私立无证幼儿园其聚集疫情继发病例的发生率、继发病例数、聚集病例总数和疫情持续时间均高于落实防控措施的私立无证幼儿园(均P<0.05)。结论避免手足口病疫情扩大的关键是为幼儿提供良好的生活环境和落实到位的防控措施。
Objective To explore the influence of environmental factors and control measures on the aggregation of HFMD and to analyze the key points of controlling the epidemic. Methods To investigate the hygienic habits and living environment of HFMD cases in Tianjin in 2014 and collect the 2014 aggregated epidemic data of HFMD and analyze the relationship between the two. Results There was a history of exposure to hand-foot-mouth disease in kindergarten children without handwashing. Nursery books and toys were not regularly disinfected. There was a high proportion of rubbish and manure around the living environment (both P <0.05). The incidence of secondary cases, the number of secondary cases, the total number of cases of agglomeration and the duration of outbreaks in private unlicensed kindergartens that did not implement prevention and control measures were all higher than those in private undocumented kindergartens (both P <0.05) . Conclusion The key to averting the outbreak of HFMD is to provide young children with a good living environment and prevention and control measures in place.