一、历史背景 在20世纪90年代的科技报刊上,经常出现“纳 米材料”和“纳米技术”这种名词。什么是“纳米材 料”呢?通俗一点说,就是用尺寸只有几个纳米的极 微小的颗粒组成的材料。1纳米为10亿分之一米, 用肉眼根本看不见。但用纳米颗粒组成的材料却具 有许多特异性能。因此,科学家又把它们称为“超微 粒”材料和“21世纪新材料”。而纳米材料并非完全 是最近才出现的。最原始的纳米材料在我国公元前 I. Historical Background In the 1990s technology newspapers and periodicals, the term “nanomaterials” and “nanotechnology” often appeared. What is “nanomaterials”? Ordinarily, it is made of very tiny particles with dimensions of only a few nanometers. 1 nanometer is one billionth of a meter, with the naked eye can not see. However, materials composed of nanoparticles have many specific properties. Therefore, scientists call them “ultrafine particles” and “21st century new materials”. Nanomaterials do not appear entirely recently. The most primitive nanomaterials in our country BC