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失效分析是机械强度设计的依据。所设计零件在实际工作中的应力不超过许用应力,零件工作实际应力由计算可得,许用应力与零件的材料、运行状况有关。关键是采用哪种强度判据,如果采取静强度判据,许用应力是材料的屈服极限σ_s,如果以疲劳强度为判据时,许用应力是材料的疲劳极限σ_1。从零件不同破坏的概念得到不同强度的判据,许用应力数值可以差别很大,实际破坏情况与理论计算的符合程度可能完全不同。1943年1月发生在美国的
Failure analysis is the basis of mechanical strength design. The design of parts in the actual work of the stress does not exceed the allowable stress, the actual working stress of the parts available by calculation, allowable stress and the parts of the material, operating conditions. The key criterion is the strength criterion. If the static strength criterion is adopted, the allowable stress is the material yield limit σ_s. If the fatigue strength is the criterion, the allowable stress is the material fatigue limit σ_1. From the different parts of the concept of destruction of different strength criteria, allowable stress values can vary greatly, the actual damage and theoretical calculations may be completely different degree of compliance. January 1943 in the United States