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[目的]探讨实验改水对林州市食管癌发病率、死亡率的影响。[方法]对2001～2003年林州市15个乡867126人,将调查村按照改水类型分为:实验改水村:①深机井、井深≥100米、集中供水;②污染指数小于1.5;③改水≥6年;非实验改水村:未能完全达到上述3条标准者;调查分析食管癌发病率和死亡率的变化。[结果]1959～2003年林州市食管癌发病率和死亡率呈现由相对偏低,逐渐升高,然后下降的趋势。2001～2003年实验改水村与1971～1973年比较,发病率下降34.02%,死亡率下降44.76%,下降具有显著性意义。2001～2003年非实验改水村与1971～1973年比较,发病率下降1.7%,死亡率下降5.2%,无统计学意义。[结论]实验改水降低林州市食管癌发病率和死亡率。应加强饮用水管理,改水、改厕、改善环境卫生、防止浊漳河水、渠水的渗漏,保护水源是预防食管癌的重要措施之一。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of experimental water change on morbidity and mortality of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City. [Method] 867126 people in 15 townships of Linzhou city from 2001 to 2003 were divided into experimental water change villages according to the types of water diversion: ①Shenjing wells with depth of more than 100 meters and centralized water supply; ②The pollution index was less than 1.5; ③ Change water ≥ 6 years; Non-experiment to change the water village: failed to fully meet the above three criteria; survey analysis of esophageal cancer incidence and mortality changes. [Results] The morbidity and mortality of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City from 1959 to 2003 showed a trend of relatively low, gradually increasing, then declining. Compared with 1971 ~ 1973, the incidence of water drop in experimental waterworks was reduced by 34.02% from 2001 to 2003, and the mortality rate dropped by 44.76%. The drop was significant. Compared with 1971 ~ 1973, the incidence of non-experimental water-improving villages in 2001-2003 decreased by 1.7% and the mortality rate decreased by 5.2%, which was not statistically significant. [Conclusion] The experimental water change reduced the morbidity and mortality of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City. Should be strengthened drinking water management, water, lavatories, improve environmental health, prevent Zhuozhang Zhang River water, seepage water leakage, water protection is one of the important measures to prevent esophageal cancer.