目的了解本院门诊儿童处方抗感染药物的使用情况,为合理使用抗感染药物提供参考。方法收集本院2010年1-12月门诊患儿处方中使用抗感染药物处方4 182张,采用人工方法,并利用计算机Excel程序对每张处方的药物使用情况进行处理。计算出销售金额、用药频度及药物利用指数(DUI)等指标。结果抗感染药物的使用率为68.09%,联合使用率为52.46%。各类抗感染药物中头孢菌素类使用频率最高(50.0%),销售金额也排首位。用药频度以头孢丙烯分散片最高,在排名前5位的药物中,4种属头孢类抗菌药物。4种药物DUI>2,仅1种药物DUI<0.5。结论本院门诊儿童处方中抗感染药物的使用总体合理,但是存在联合使用比率较高、超剂量用药现象。 Objective To understand the use of anti-infectives prescribed by outpatients in our hospital and to provide reference for rational use of anti-infectives. Methods A total of 4 182 prescriptions for anti-infective drugs were collected from outpatients in our hospital from January to December in 2010. The manual methods were used and the drug use of each prescription was processed by computer Excel program. Calculate the amount of sales, frequency of medication and drug utilization index (DUI) and other indicators. Results The anti-infective drug use rate was 68.09% and the combined use rate was 52.46%. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used anti-infective drugs (50.0%), with the highest sales value. The frequency of use of cefprozil dispersible tablets highest in the top five drugs, four are cephalosporins antibacterial drugs. 4 drugs DUI> 2, only 1 drug DUI <0.5. Conclusion The use of anti-infectives in children’s outpatient clinics is generally reasonable, but there is a high rate of combination use and overdosage.