社会契约论思想是西方近代思想史上最为重要的理论成果之一。十七十八世纪,霍布斯、卢梭、洛克等思想家对该理论都作了深刻论述,尤其是卢梭的《社会契约论》对西方民主政治社会产生了深远影响。契约论思想是马克思《博士论文》的主要思想来源之一。 The social contract theory is one of the most important theoretical achievements in the history of modern Western thought. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, thinkers such as Hobbes, Rousseau and Locke made a profound exposition of the theory. In particular, Rousseau’s “social contract theory” had a profound impact on Western democratic politics and society. Contractualism is one of the main sources of thought in Marx’s Doctoral Dissertation.