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近30年来,肥胖与超重的发病率迅速提高,严重影响公共健康。现有的减肥策略主要集中于健康饮食和体力活动,但显然这些方法并不成功,究其原因,是未能限制能量摄取还是未能保持高水平能量消耗,对此仍存在极大争议。因此,关于体力活动及运动在体重控制中的作用一直存在诸多疑惑。本文评估了减少体力活动和能量消耗是导致肥胖原因的理论依据,并检验体力活动在食物摄取和体重控制中的作用。能量消耗的客观测量和体重增加的生物学理论都无法单独支持“肥胖是由日常能量消耗持续下降导致”这一观点。然而,由于主动运动是全部日常能量消耗中最重要的可自主支配部分并能影Ⅱ自能量平衡,所以在解决肥胖问题的方案中,体力活动与运动仍最具潜力。
Over the past 30 years, the incidence of obesity and overweight has risen rapidly, seriously affecting public health. Existing strategies for weight loss mainly focus on healthy diets and physical activity, but these methods are obviously not successful. The reason is that the energy intake is not limited or the high level of energy consumption can not be maintained. There is still much controversy over this. Therefore, there have been many doubts about the role of physical activity and exercise in weight control. This article assesses the rationale for reducing physical activity and energy expenditure as a contributing factor to obesity and examines the role of physical activity in food intake and body weight control. Both the objective measurement of energy expenditure and the biological theory of weight gain do not stand alone. “Obesity is the result of a sustained decline in daily energy expenditure.” However, since active exercise is the most important and autonomous part of total daily energy expenditure and enables self-balancing of energy and energy, physical activity and exercise still have the most potential to solve the problem of obesity.