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听力和视力的测定对婴儿与成年人一样都很重要。遗憾的是,我们无法使婴儿去认读墙上图表的某一行,或听到一个声音便举一次手。因此儿科医生必须找出更巧妙的方法来确定婴儿的听力和视力是否正常。按传统的方法,医生主要靠观察身体动作,例如眨眼或头的运动,来肯定婴儿对一个刺激的知觉。但是正因为医生不能绝对保证小儿确实能对特殊的光线和声音做出反应,因而实际上感觉有毛病的婴儿常带着身体健康的证明被送回家。
The determination of hearing and vision is as important for infants as adults. Unfortunately, we can not have babies read a line on the wall chart or raise a hand when we hear a voice. Pediatricians must therefore find more subtle ways to determine if their baby’s hearing and vision are normal. Traditionally, doctors have relied on observing physical movements, such as blinking or head movements, to confirm a baby’s perception of an irritation. But precisely because doctors can not absolutely guarantee that children do respond to special light and sound, infants who actually feel bad are often sent home with a good health certificate.