一、前言乙醛是基本有机合成重要原料之一。在工业上有三种生产方法:乙炔水合法,乙醇脱氢(或氧化)法,乙烯直接氧化法。工业上乙炔水合法,使用汞催化剂,价格贵,易挥散且有毒;催化剂的再生设备也庞大。目前的试验表明,用磷酸盐为催化剂,气相水合,乙炔转化率达60％,是有前途的一种方法。乙醇脱氢(或氧化)法是美国生产乙醛的主要方 I. Introduction Acetaldehyde is one of the important raw materials for basic organic synthesis. There are three methods of production in industry: acetylene hydration, ethanol dehydrogenation (or oxidation), ethylene direct oxidation. Industrial acetylene hydration method, the use of mercury catalysts, expensive, volatile and toxic; catalyst regeneration equipment is also huge. The current tests show that, with phosphate as a catalyst, gas-phase hydration, acetylene conversion rate of 60%, is a promising method. Ethanol dehydrogenation (or oxidation) is the main method for the production of acetaldehyde in the United States