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塑性单元体与黏性单元体并联之后再与弹性单元体串联即构成三要素模型,其各单元体都具有非线性本构关系。通过考虑增湿过程中饱和度对三要素模型中的黏性单元体和塑性单元体的影响,建立了弹-塑-黏性与湿陷性耦合的湿陷流变本构模型。湿陷对塑性单元体的影响表现为应变不变条件下屈服应力的降低;而对黏性单元体的影响表现为速率敏感系数的升高。两种影响可以通过试验确定。以此模型为基础,分析了高岭土的单轴压缩固结试验中的湿陷-流变变形,提出了一种湿陷-流变分析方法。试验中,在干燥条件下观测了蠕变;在增湿过程中观测了湿陷。试验中对含水量的测量精度高。理论所得含水率-应变-时间关系与实测结果接近,并区分了增湿过程中的湿陷和干燥条件下的蠕变,证明了本方法的有效性。
After the plastic unit and the viscous unit are connected in parallel, the plastic unit and the elastic unit are connected in series to form a three-element model, and each unit has a nonlinear constitutive relationship. By considering the influence of the degree of saturation during the humidification process on the viscous elements and plastic elements in the three-element model, a collapse-deformation constitutive model of elastic-plastic-viscous and collapsible coupling is established. The effect of collapse on the plastic element body is shown as the decrease of yield stress under the condition of constant strain. The effect on the viscous element body shows the increase of the rate sensitivity coefficient. Both effects can be determined experimentally. Based on this model, the collapse-rheological deformation of kaolinite under uniaxial compression consolidation was analyzed and a wet-collapse-rheological analysis method was proposed. In the test, creep was observed under dry conditions; collapsibility was observed during humidification. Water content in the test of high precision. The theoretically obtained water content-strain-time relationship is close to the measured result, and distinguishes the collapsing during the humidification process and the drying condition, which proves the effectiveness of the method.