本文从权利和风险的分配维度,基于现行《公司法》中关于股东权利义务的基本规定,分析中小股东权利受限的基本原理、制度缺陷,现状与立法的不一致以及中小股东在公司动态发展过程中的风险,提出《公司法》需要追求的不仅仅是法律条文上的法,而且需要完善现实中法,将程序正义与实质正义结合起来,共同保护中小股东的权利。 Based on the distribution of rights and risks, based on the basic provisions of the existing “Company Law” on the rights and obligations of shareholders, this paper analyzes the basic principle of limited rights of minority shareholders, system defects, inconsistencies between status quo and legislation as well as minority shareholders’ It is not only the law of law, but also the need to perfect the current law, combine procedural justice with substantive justice, and jointly protect the rights of minority shareholders.